Flystick packer box for signatures



Nov. 19, 1963 E. SWANSON ETAL 3,111,312

FLYSTICK PACKER BOX FOR SIGNATURES Filed Dec. 27, 1960 6 Sheets$heet 2 fig I F Q 0 i 5% Nov. 19, 1963 K. E. SWANSON ETAL 3,111,312

FLYSTICK PACKER BOX FOR SIGNATURES Q Ma W N R 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Dec. 27, 1960 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 K. E. SWANSON ETAL FLYSTICK PACKER BOX FOR SIGNATURES Nov. 19, 1963 Filed Dec. 2

L w A W 1 a 5 .7 a .m w H 4 w d 1 a i g I 0 a w 4 k 1 5 3 01 a 2 MW 4 J Nov. 19, 1963 K. E. SWANSON ETAL 3,111,312

FLYSTICK PACKER BOX FOR SIGNATURES 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Dec. 2'7, 1960 Nov. 19, 1963 K. E. SWANSON ETAL 3,111,312v

FLYSTICK PACKER BOX FOR SIGNATURES Filed Dec. 27, 1960 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 United States Patent 3,111,312 *LYSTZQK PACEGER 63K FQR EsiGNA'lUPES Kermit E. Swanson, Napervfile, and Qarson E. Thompson and Edwin H. Wills, Qhicago, lib, assignors to R. Donnelley Sons Co., a ccrporation of Delaware Filed Dec. 27, 19th, fier. No. 73,637 13 filaims. -Cl. Mir-37) This invention relates to a packer box for signatures, and in particular it relates to an improved packer box of the fiystick type.

One of the major problems in the printin industry is the expeditious and efficient "handling of printed and folded signatures at the outfeed of a printing press. A variety of mechanisms are currently available for delivering signatures in packs or stacks, from which a manageable group of signatures may be manually removed and placed upon a storage pallet or directly into the gatl'crer of a binding machine. Flystick packer boxes have been available for many years, but have generally been unsatisfactory because the signatures require too much hand jogging and aligning when they are removed from the packer box platform.

The principal object of the present invention, therefore, is to provide a fiystick packer box which affords better control of the signatures in the packer box.

A further object of the invention is to provide a packer box in which strain and shock to the reciprocating flystick are reduced.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a hystick packer box from which signatures may be manually removed without disturbing the stack being removed, and without disturbing the adjacent signatures left in the packer box.

Yet another object of the invention is to provide a ilystick packer box in which the upright side margins of each signature are held in a light grip as the signature approaches the supporting surface of the packer box, in which the flystick is timed with the signature feed to push each signature out of the light grip and along the supporting surface as it is about to strike said surface, and in which rough surfaced side guides contact the upright edges of each signature as soon as it is released from the marginal grip to control its movement toward and along the supporting surface.

The invention is illustrated in a preferred embodiment in the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section taken substantially as illustrated along the line 11 of H6. 4, with parts broken away for clarity, the signature supporting gate being illustrated in full lines in the position it occupies when the packer box is full, in dot-dash lines in the position it occupies when the packer box is empty, and in broken lines in the position it occupies when signatures are being manually removed from the packer box platform;

FIG. 2 is a fragmentary section on an enlarged scale taken substantially as illustrated along the line 2-2 of PEG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a fragmentary section on an enlarged scale taken substantially as illustrated along the line 3-3 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a fragmentary section on a reduced scale taken substantially as illustrated along the line 4-4 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a fragmentary section on an enlarged scale, taken substantially as illustrated along the line 5-5 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a fragmentary plan view partly in section illustrating a portion of the packer box drive, and illustrates on an enlarged scale components which are located 3,lll,3-l2

"ice

to the left of FIG. 4, and which are duplicated to the right of FIG. 4;

PEG. 7 is a side elevational view of the drive components illustrated in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a fragmentary section on an enlarged scale taken substantially as illustrated along the line 88 of H6. 2; and

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the co-ordinate drive for the back breaking rolls and flystick.

Referring generally to the drawings, the present device has two identical signature handling mechanisms located side by side, and includes a packer box A (FIGS. 1 and 4), signature feed and guide mechanisms B (FIGS. 1 and 2) which feed signatures seriatim downwardly into two holding stations at the extreme rear of the packer box; two reciprocating r'iystick assemblies C (FIGS. 1 and 2), two signature carrier belt assemblies and a unitary drive D (H68. 1, 6, and 7), and a co-ordinating drive mechanism E (FIG. 9). The packer box A includes a signature supporting gate assembly for each of the two sides of the packer box.

eferring to F188. 1 to 4 of the drawings, the apparatus of the present invention has a pair of upright side frame members 11 which are provided, respectively, with integral forward extending supporting arms 12 and 13 at the outer ends of which are bolted upright supporting angle members and 15, respectively. A T-shaped cross member 16 extends between the arms 12 and i3. inwardly extending supporting bosses 17, 18, and 19 on the arm 12, and corresponding bosses 2t}, 21, and 22 on the arm 1.3, carry longitudinal angle members 23 and 24 which, in turn, support cross rails 25, 26, and 217 for a pair of identical packer box platform members 23 which provide signature supporting surfaces for the packer box. Platforms 23 have longitudinal depending side webs 29 and central web-s 30 (see FlGS. l, 2, and 3) which rest upon the cross rails 25, 2b, and 27; and transverse skirts 31 at one end.

Referring now to l, 2, 4, 5, and 8, the platform 23 is also provided with a pair of side guides, indicated generally at 32, and with a center guide indicated generally at 33. Each side guide includes a bracket 34 which is laterally adjustable upon a boss 35 and carries a side guide plate 36. As seen in FIG. 8, each side guide 32 also includes a spring support 37 bolted to side guide plate 36, and provided with a stud 38 which supports an upright side guide leaf spring 3%, the purpose of which will be described in detail hereafter. Each side guide plate '36 has a large roughened area 40 on its inner face (see FIG. 8) which may conveniently take the form of a piece of emery paper bonded to the inner face of the pate.

Center guide 33 includes a center guide plate 41 which is supported in the slot between platforms 28, and has a center spring bracket 42 provided with opposed outwardly extending studs 42a to support a pair of center guide springs 43 (FIG. 5). Plate 41 has roughened areas 41a of emery or sandpaper on both faces, which co-operate with the roughened areas 4% of the side guides to control the signatures as they are fed into the packer box by the flystick.

The signature forrm'ng section at the end of a printing press (not shown) includes a roller 44 (FIGS. 1 and 9) beneath which is a back breaking roller set, indicated generally at 45. The back breaking roller set includes a forward roller shaft 46 and a rear roller shaft 47, both of which are suitably journalled in side frame members lit and 11. The forward shaft 4s carries a plurality of spaced back breaking rolls 48 each of which is in register with a rear back breaking roll 49 on rear shaft 47. Mounted below and behind rear roller shaft 47 is a cross bar 59 on which are mounted a plurality of stripper fingers 51 that extend forwardly beneath rolls 49 and upwardly through slots in said rolls so that their upper ends 52 are positioned to strip the signatures S from roller 44 and guide them downwardly into the back breaking roller set 45. On rear back breaking shaft 47 are spaced carrier tape pulleys 53 from which carrier tapes 54 extend downwardly and are trained around lower carrier tape pulleys (FIG. 1) on an idler shaft 56. The tapes 54 cooperate first with the stripper fingers 51 and later with the side guide springs 39 and center guide springs -13 (FIGS. 5 and 8) to carry a pair of signatures S downwardly onto the extreme rear of platform 23 immediately adjacent side guide plates 36 and center guide plate 41. One side guide spring 39 and a center guide spring 43 co-operate with the side and center carrier tapes 54 to hold the signatures S lightly by their lateral margins at the extreme rear of platform 28; and thus provide a station from which the flystick pushes the signatures forwardly on the platform.

Signatures are pushed out of the grip of guide springs 39 and 43 and carrier tapes 54, and are moved forwardly between side guide plates 36 and center guide plate 41 by a pair of identical fiystick assemblies, each of which is indicated generally at 57. As best seen in FIGS. 1 and 2, each flystick assembly includes a reciprocating slider 58 which is carried on a pair of slides 59, one slide of each pair being mounted upon a center bracket and the other slide of each pair being mounted upon the side frame member 19 or the side frame member 11. Each slider 53 has an upstanding boss 69 carrying a cross pin 60a, and on the cross pin are three upstanding flystick arms 61. A fiystick pusher, indicated generally at 62, is secured to the fronts of the three upstanding fiystick arms 61. As best seen in FIGS. 2 and 4, each flystick pusher has a pair of coplanar, generally upright side bars 63 which are of equal height, an upright center bar 64 of less height than the side bars and in a plane forward of the side bars, an arcuate bottom bar 65 conmeeting the lower ends of the side bars 63 and center bar 64, and an arcuate top bar 66 which connects the upper ends of the side bars 63 and center bar 64 so that the fiystick pusher 62 has an upper margin the center of which is below its sides.

The arcuate shape of the flystick pusher members 62 is best seen in FIG. 4, and this shape arches each signature S as it moves the signature out of the grasp of the side guide springs and carrier tapes, so as to give the signature a greater capacity for self support than as if it were not so arched. The forwardly convex arcuate upper bar 66 of each flystick pusher member 62 then has its central portion of reduced height so that it does not interfere with the downward feeding movement of signatures as the flystick moves to its most retracted position during its reciprocating movement.

Both of the fiystick assemblies 57 are driven from a single drive shaft 67 which is journalled in side frames 12 and 13 and extends outwardly to accommodate a belt pulley 68 (FIGS. 6 and 7). A flywheel (not shown) is at the opposite end of shaft 67. At the center of shaft 67 is a drive gear 70 which meshes with a gear 71 keyed at the center of an idler shaft 72, and shaft 72 extends laterally to carry a pair of crank disks 73. Each crank disk is provided with a crank pin 74 to pivotally receive a connecting rod 75, and a bifurcated end 76 of rod receives a connecting rod pin 77 in a pin boss 78 on the bottom of flystick slider 58 (FIG. 1).

The flystick assemblies 57 push the signatures on platform 28 between the roughened areas 40 and 41a of the side guides, so that any tendency of the signatures to bounce or slide out of alignment is resisted by said roughened areas. The signatures are pushed against a pair of signature supporting gates, which are part of a gate assembly indicated generally at '79. As best seen in FIGS. 1 and 3, a pair of rear brackets 80 support a rear cross member 81, and a front cross member 32 is supported between the upper ends of upright frame members 14 and 15. Two pairs of carrier rods 83 are sup ported upon the cross bars 81 and 82 so as to extend longitudinally above platform 23; and slidably mounted on each pair of rods 83 is a signature supporting gate, indicated generally at 84.

Each supporting gate 84 includes a sliding carrier 85 having a cross member with a pair of depending bosses slidably surrounding two carrier rods 83. Extending downwardly from bosses 86 are eyes 87 to receive a cross pin 38, and pivotally mounted upon the cross pin on arms 89 is a gate member 90. A torsion spring 91 coiled around cross pin 33 continuously urges gate 91 to the vertical position illustrated in FIG. 1, but permits the gate to be pivoted to the broken line position of FIG. 1 when a person reaches into the packer box to grasp a group of signatures S to remove the group from the pack of signatures in the box.

Each gate unit 84 is continuously urged toward the dot-dash line position of the gate unit illustrated in FIG. 1, toward the rear of platform 28, by a pulley and weight unit indicated generally at 92. Each gate carrier 35 is provided with a clamp 93 in which is secured one end of a wire 94. A pair of angle brackets 95 are secured to rear upper cross member 81 and carry guide pulleys 96 around which wire 94 is trained; and the wire then extends laterally outwardly over a guide pulley 97 which is journalled on a stub shaft on cross member 81, beneath a second guide pulley 98 which is also journalled on a stub shaft on cross member 01, thence upwardly around a guide pulley 99 which is carried on an upper cross bar 18% that extends between side frame members 10 and 11 directly above cross bar 81, thence around a pulley 101, and a weight 102 is hung on the end of each wire 94 to continuously urge the gate unit toward the rear of the platform.

The packer box of the present invention also includes a pair of signature carrier belt systems, each indicated generally at 103, there being a separate system for each side of the packer box. One of the two identical drives for the carrier belt systems 103 is indicated generally at 1114, and is illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7.

As best seen in FIGS. 1, 3, and 4, a pair of side bearing blocks 165 and a center bearing block 135a are secured beneath the front end of platform 28 and carry a pair of aligned cross shafts 1626 on each of which is mounted a belt carrying drum 1117. Four longitudinally extending angle members 198 mounted beneath the rear of platform 23 serve as mounting brackets for rear belt carrying drums 1119 and rear guide drums 11%; while intermediate brackets 111 carry short cross shafts 112 for intermediate guide drums 113. Pivoted arms 111a on brackets 111 support shafts 117 for tensioning drums 116. A pair of belts 114 is trained over each belt drum 1137 at the front of platform 28, and each of the belts 114 extends along the upper surface of platform 28, downwardly through a slot near the rear of the platform, around a rear drum 189, over a guide drum 11%), around one of the drums 113, and then around a tensioning drum 116. Each tensioning cross shaft is provided with an eye 118 which receives one end of a tension spring -19 the other end of which is secured to an eye bolt 120 in the cross member 26.

Referring now to FIGS. 6 and 7, the two independent carrier belt systems 103 are provided with independent variable speed drives, indicated generally at 104. Independent drives are necessary because there may be cccasions when the two sides of the packer box are used on signatures of different thicknesses, and this requires that the carrier belts 114 move the signatures away from the fiysticks at different speeds. The two adjustable drive mechanisms are identical, however, and accordingly only one is illustrated and described in detail.

On shaft 67, immediately adjacent drive pulley 68, is

a pulley 121 from which a V-belt 122 is trained over a puley 123 of a variable speed drive pulley assembly, indi ated generally at 124, which is mounted upon a bracket attached to side frame member 13. Variable speed pulley assembly 124 is of conventional construction, and includes a stub shaft 125 with an adjusting knob 12:? movement of which varies the span across the two halves 127 and 123 of the pulley assembly so as to vary the circumference about which a V-belt 129 must extend. V-belt 129 also extends around a pulley 133 which is journalled on a stub shaft 131, and a second pulley 132, pinned to pulley 130 carries a V-belt 133 which is also trained around a drive Wheel 134 of a spec reducer 135. The speed reducer has an output shaft 135 provided with a sprocket E57; and a roller chain 33?; trained around sprocket 137 also extends around a sprocket 139 keyed to the end of shaft 1% of one carrier belt system 163. Tension on roller chain 38 is maintained by an adjustable tensioning sprocket 1 :8 carried on a bracket 141 which is slidable longitudinally with respect to platform 28 to properly adjust the chain tension.

Referring now to FIG. 9, the co-ordinatecl drive mechanism E includes a pulley 1 2 which is coaxial with press roller 4 and also a main gear 1 53 on the end of said roller. A til 'ng belt led on pulley 142 is trained around a pulley 145 which is coaxial with an output sheave 1 5-5 from which a drive belt 147 extends around the drive pulley 63. Main gear 143 meshes with a gear 148 on an intermediate shaft 149, and a smaller gear on shaft 149 meshes with a drive gear 151 on rear back breaking roller shaft 47. Gear 151 in turn meshes with a gear 152 on front back breaking roller shaft 46. Thus, the fiystick drive is fully co-ordinated With the drive for the back breaking rollers 45 and signature feed tapes 5%, so that any desired co-ordination between said components may be obtained by adjustment of the elements of coordinated drive E.

Operation of the packer box is believed to be clear from the foregoing detailed description. Signatures S which pass downwardly between back breaking roller set 45 are carried downwardly in a vertical position by tapes 54 which co-operates with side guide springs 39 and center guide springs 43 to provide a station in which each signature is momentarily held, and from which each signature is pushed by pusher member 66 of a fiystick assembly 5'7.

Drive E is adjusted to cause the fiystick to normally remove a signature from the control of tapes 54 and springs 39 and 43 about at the moment that the signature strikes the table, so that the signature is pushed between the roughened surfaces and 41a, which control its movement toward and along the supporting surface of platform This control by the roughened surfaces prevents any undesirable movement of the signatures with respect to the fiystick and the platform, and thus provides for very even alignment of the top edges of the signatures in the pack.

The arcuate shape of each fiystick pusher es arches the signatures S as the fiystick moves the signatures out of the station and into the space between side guides as and center guide 41. The inf ed tapes 54, with springs 39 and 43, and later the roughened surfaces 4% and 41a of the side guides and center guide, successively control the movement of the signatures so that there is almost no tendency for hem to bounce or slide out of position as they are added to the rear of the pack.

As the number of signatures in the pack increases, signature supporting gate 34 moves along rods 83 from the dot-dash position of FIG. 1 toward the full line pos i of FIG. 1; and when a sufiiciently large pack of signatures is in the packer box an operator manually removes a group of signatures from the pack by thrusting a hand into the pack and grasping the group of signatures being ernoved and pulling, so that the gate swings to the broken line position of FIG. 1, permitting the group of signatures to be pulled out of the box. Cable and pulley mechanism 92 thereupon returns gate assembly 34 toward the dot-dash line position of FIG. 1 so that the gate prevents the balance of the pack from falling over.

Movement of the signatures in the pack is aided by slowly driving the signature carrier belt assembly 1%.; so that movement of the entire pack is not produced solely by the thrust of the fiystick assembly 57.

The arcuate shape assumed by the signatures by reason of the shape of the fiystick pusher member 62 not only gives the signatures somewhat greater rigidity, but also tends to center the signatures properly between the side guides, thus reducing the amount of hand jogging which is necessary to bring the lateral margins of all of the signatures in the pack into aligrnnent.

When the packer box is being used to handle relatively thick signatures, the variable speed knob of the variable speed pulley 124 is adjusted to slightly increase the rate of travel of signature carrier belts 114.

The foregoing detailed description is given for clearness of understanding only, and no unnecessary limitations should be understood therefrom, as modifications will be obvious to those skilled in the art.

We claim:

=1. In a fiystick packer box for signatures, in combination: a packer box having a planar platform; driven means for feeding and guiding generally vertically positioned signatures seriatim downwardly to a station at one end of said platform at accurately timed intervals; upright side guides extending longitudinally of said platform, said side guides having facing roughened surfaces immediately adjacent said station; a fiystick member; means for reciprocating said fiystick member through said station to push signatures seriatim out of said station and onto said platform with the upright edges of the signatures contacting said facing roughened surfaces; and means co-ordinatirig said reciprocating means with said driven means to reciprocate the fiystick in timed relationship with arrival of signatures at the station so as to contact each si nature and move its edges between said facing roughened surfaces substantially as the signature strikes the platform.

2. In a fiystick packer box for signatures, in combination: a packer box having a planar platform; driven means for feeding and guiding generally vertically positioned signatures seriatim downwardly to a station at one end of said platform, said driven means including a pair of opposed rollers between which the signatures are driven to accurately time the arrival of successive signatures at the station; upright side guides extending longitudinally of said platform, said side guides having facing roughened surfaces immediately adjacent said station; a fiystick nember; means for reciprocating said fiystick member through said station to push signatures seriatim out of said station and onto said platform with the upright edges of the signatures contacting said facing roughened surfaces; and means coordinating said reciprocating means with said driven means in such a way as to cause the fiystick to contact each signature and move its edges against said facing roughened surfaces substantially as the signature strikes the platform.

3. In a fiystick packer box for signatures, in combination: a packer box having a planar platform and vertical side guides, said side guides being roughened; means for feeding and guiding generally vertically positioned signatures seriatim downwardly to a station at one end of said platform, said means including upright driven carrier tapes and resilient means at the station urging the upright marginal portions of the signatures against the tapes; a fiystick member having coplanar, generally upright sides and a forwardly projecting central portion which is of less height than said sides; means for reciprocating said fiystick member through said station to push signatures seriatim out from between said carrier tapes and said resilient means and onto the platform where the upright margins of the signatures bear against the roughened side guides to control movement of the signatures; and a supporting gate above the platform which is constantly urged toward the flystick member.

4. A method of forming a pack of signatures, comprising: positively feeding signatures seriatim downwardly at a controlled rate toward a supporting surface; holding the upright side margins of each signature in a light grip as it approaches said surface; pushing each signature individually free of said light grip and along the supporting surface substantially at the moment it strikes said surface; and controlling the movement of each signature toward and along said surface by frictional engagement of its upright edges as soon as it is freed from said light grip.

5. In a flystick packer box for signatures, in combination; a packer box having a planar platform; driven means for feeding and guiding generally vertically positioned signatures seriatim downwardly to a station at one end of said platform, said feeding and guiding means including upright carrier tapes; upright side guides extending longitudinally of said platform, said side guides having facing roughened surfaces immediately adjacent said station; a resilient means at the station adjacent the side guides urging the upright marginal portions of the signatures against the tapes; a fiystick member; means for reciprocating said flystick member through said station to push signatures seriatim out of said station and onto said platform with the upright edges of the signatures contacting said facing roughened surfaces; and means for coordinating said reciprocating means with said driven means to reciprocate the flystick in timed relationship with arrival of signatures at the station.

6. The device of claim in which the side guides are provided with mounting brackets, and the resilient means comprises spring fingers carried on said mounting brackets.

7. In a flystick packer box for signatures, in combination: a packer box having a planar platform; driven means for feeding and guiding generally vertically positioned signatures seriatim downwardly to a station at one end of said platform; upright side guides extending longitudinally of said platform, said side guides having facing roughened surfaces immediately adjacent said station; a flystick member, said flystick member having coplanar, generally upright sides, and also having a forwardly projecting center portion which is of less height than said sides; means for reciprocating said flystick member through said station to push signatures seriatim out of said station and onto said platform with the upright edges of the signatures contacting said facing roughened surfaces; and means for co-ordinating said reciprocating means with said driven means to reciprocate the flystick in timed relationship with arrival of signatures at the station.

8. In a flystick packer box for signatures, in combination: a packer box having a planar platform; means for feeding and guiding generally vertically positioned signatures seriatim downwardly to a station at one end of said platform; a flystick member having coplanar, generally upright sides and a forwardly projecting central portion which is of less height than said sides; means for reciprocating said fiystick member through said station to push signatures seriatim out of the station onto the platform; a supporting gate unit above the platform which is movable toward and away from the flystick member, said unit includin a carrier, a gate member mounted on the carrier for rocking movement away from the flystick member, and spring means urging the gate member to a substanstially vertical position; and means constantly urging the gate unit toward the flystick member.

9. The device of claim 8 which includes a pair of longitudinal mounting rods spaced above the platform so that signatures are below the rods, in which the carrier of the gate unit is slidably mounted on said rods, and in which the gate member depends from the carrier.

10. In a fiystick packer box for signatures, a fiystick member having coplanar, generally upright sides, and a forwardly projecting central portion which is of less height than said sides, said flystick member being forwardly convex in horizontal cross section.

11. in a flystick packer box for signatures, a flystick member having coplanar, generally upright sides, and a forwardly projecting central portion which is of less height than said sides, the top margin of said flystick memher being in the form of a broad, shallow V.

112. The device of claim 11 in which the flystick member is forwardly convex in horizontal cross section.

13. In a flystick packer box for signatures, a flystick member having generally upright sides which are in the same vertical plane and which have their upper ends substantially in the same horizontal plane, said member having a front working face which extends gradually forwardly from said vertical plane symmetrically to its vertical median line, and the top margin of said member being symmetrically depressed from said horizontal plane.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 

1. IN A FLYSTICK PACKER BOX FOR SIGNATURES, IN COMBINATION: A PACKER BOX HAVING A PLANAR PLATFORM; DRIVEN MEANS FOR FEEDING AND GUIDING GENERALLY VERTICALLY POSITIONED SIGNATURES SERIATIM DOWNWARDLY TO A STATION AT ONE END OF SAID PLATFORM AT ACCURATELY TIMED INTERVALS; UPRIGHT SIDE GUIDES EXTENDING LONGITUDINALLY OF SAID PLATFORM, SAID SIDE GUIDES HAVING FACING ROUGHENED SURFACES IMMEDIATELY ADJACENT SAID STATION; A FLYSTICK MEMBER; MEANS FOR RECIPROCATING SAID FLYSTICK MEMBER THROUGH SAID STATION TO PUSH SIGNATURES SERIATIM OUT OF SAID STATION AND ONTO SAID PLATFORM WITH THE UPRIGHT EDGES OF THE SIGNATURES CONTACTING SAID FACING ROUGHENED SURFACES; AND MEANS CO-ORDINATING SAID RECIPROCATING MEANS WITH SAID 